
السلام عليكم
The 9th of the 15 types of nouns in نَصْب, is the مُنادى (vocative). In the language, a مُنادى (munaada) is someone you want to approach you in the general sense. In grammar, it’s when you want someone to come nearer and you use يا or one of its siblings to call them. Other members of the يا family are
- the letter أَ in أزَيْدُ أقْبِلْ (“O Zayd, come closer”)
- أَيْ as in أَيْ إبْراهِيْمُ تَفَهَّمْ (“O Ibrahim, try to understand!”)
- أيا as in أيا عَبْدَ اللهِ تَعَالَ (“O Abdallah, come!”)
- هَيا as in هَيا مُحَمَّدُ تَعالَ (“O Muhammad, come!”)
- Sometimes you’ll see يَاأيُّهَا (for a masculine) or يَاأَيَّتُهَا (for feminine) followed by a word that starts with ال, which you’ll see in the Quranic examples
The 5 Kinds of مُنَادى
المُنادى خَمْسَةُ أنْوَاعٍ: المُفْرَدُ العَلَمُ، وَالنَّكِرَةُ الْمَقصُوْدَةُ، وَالنَّكِرَةُ غَيْرُ الْمَقْصُوْدَةِ، وَالْمُضافُ، وَالشَّبِيْهُ بِالْمُضافِ
The vocative is 5 kinds, the مُفْرَدُ عَلَم (single word that is a proper name), the intended indefinite noun, the unintended indefinite noun, the mudhaaf, and الشَبِيْهُ بِالْمُضاف (what resembles a mudhaaf).
So, the vocative can be one of 5 things ( We already talked about what the مُفْرَد and the شَبِيْه بِالْمُضاف are when we did the noun negated by لا, so they should be familiar): [Read more…] about الْمُنَادَى (The vocative)